"Thoughts are things."
"Believe it and receive it."
"Think positive."
Though the term is not well known today, New Thought is a movement whose beliefs
are growing in popularity. New Thought uses the label Christian but denies all
the essentials of the historic Christian faith. The threads of New Thought, like
a fine cobweb that is strong but invisible, have been cast so widely into the
culture that it is crucial for Christians to be aware of and know how to
recognize New Thought.
Though many helped to spread New Thought, the origins and development of New Thought are often attributed to three major figures: Emanuel Swedenborg (1688-1772), an accomplished scientist; physician hypnotist Franz Anton Mesmer (1733-1815); and Phineas P. Quimby (1802-1866), trained as a clockmaker, but who soon became a healer after studying Mesmer's teachings.
Emanuel Swedenborg
Although he died in the 18th century, Swedenborg's long shadow reaches
into the very nooks and crannies of twenty-first century religion,
healing practices, and philosophy. Swedenborg abandoned science to
listen to beings he called angels, and stated that the invisible
spiritual world had more reality than the visible one.
1 Everything in
the visible world had a correspondence to the invisible world, though
the material world is a cruder version of the spiritual.
2 The Bible was
viewed as being an esoteric book whose words are symbolic of higher
truths understood only by the enlightened. 3 Heaven and hell, Swedenborg
declared, are states of mind. 4 Swedenborg founded the Church of the New
Jerusalem, still in existence today. 5
Anton Mesmer
Mesmer claimed that a universal fluid, animal magnetism, could be
manipulated (at first with magnets and then with his hands) to bring
about healing in people. 6 Mesmer's ministrations caused a person to
fall into what were apparently hypnotic trances, which was first called
mesmerism, or mesmeric sleep. 7 The verb
'to mesmerize" comes from
Mesmer's name.
Phineas Quimby
Influenced by mesmerism, Phineas Quimby came to believe that healing
resulted from an inner belief. 8 After further contact with people
influenced by Swedenborg and spiritualism, 9 Quimby came to believe that
God is humanity's true nature, and that the source of healing is a
science called Christ, or Christian Science. Quimby had enormous
influence on Mary Baker Eddy, who founded the Church of Christ,
Scientist, known more commonly as Christian Science.
Warren Felt Evans
A Methodist minister turned Swedenborgian, Warren Felt Evans
believed that he was healed by Quimby; thereafter, he further developed
Quimby's ideas 11 and blended them with Swedenborg's. Evans wrote that
illness results from a wrong idea in the mind, and that thinking
positively would bring health. 12 Evans wanted to fuse Christianity with
these beliefs, and taught that Christ is a principle, a "divine spark,"
that resides in every person. 13
Syncretism
Syncretism between Christianity and early New Thought was a hallmark
of this movement. The biblical teaching that salvation and redemption of
sins comes through faith in Christ was rejected, replaced with the view
that union with what was called Divine Mind would bring health and
happiness. This became a central teaching of New Thought, which by the
1890s was known by that name. 14
Man's problem was not sin, but rather incorrect thinking about his
nature; the Bible was interpreted allegorically through the filter of
New Thought; and salvation was not related to redemption through faith
in Christ, but rather was a matter of birthing a new thought or
consciousness to provoke awareness of one's innate divine nature. 15
A basic tenet of New Thought is that man is God or a part of God, and
achieves a state of "Christ consciousness" when aware of this divine
nature. 16 "Christ Consciousness," or "God Consciousness," is a term
pervasive in the New Age movement, which absorbed some New Thought
beliefs, and refers to the realization of one's divine or Christ nature.
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